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Table 1 Characteristics of recruited patients and healthy volunteers, Me (Q1 – Q3)

From: T-helper-1, T-helper-17, T-regulatory lymphocytes in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 or impaired glucose tolerance: association with clinical and metabolic parameters in a case control study

Parameters

Healthy volunteers

Hypertensive patients

Hypertensive diabetic patients

Hypertensive patients with IGT

(n = 12)

(n = 7)

(n = 20)

(n = 7)

Male/female, n

5/7

3/4

10/10

2/5

Age, years

42.0 (40.0–52.5)

51.0 (47.0–56.0)*

56.5 (50.0–62.0)*

58.0 (56.0–61.0)*

Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg

125.0 (118.0–133.5)

130.0 (120.0–140.0)

130.0 (117.0–142.0)

140.0 (140.0–154.0)

Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg

80.0 (78.0–84.5)

90.0 (80.0–95.0)

80.0 (76.0–88.0)**

90.0 (90.0–94.0)#

Body mass index (BMI), kg/m2

24.1 (22.3–30.5)

33.3 (29.0–37.0)

32.4 (29.3–35.4)

31.0 (29.0–33.2)

Waist circumference, cm

male

85.0 (85.0–89.0)

95.0 (88.0–100.0)

104.5 (102.0–106.0)

99.0 (98.0–100.0)

female

80.0 (74.0–82.0)

99.5 (90.0–109.0)

110.0 (107.0–116.0)

105.0 (100.0–110.0)

Visceral adiposity index

1.6 (0.8–3.0)

2.0 (1.9–2.5)

3.6 (2.3–4.8)*

2.4 (1.9–3.4)

DM2 duration, years

n/a

n/a

3.0 (1.0–10.5)

n/a

AH duration, years

n/a

9.0 (7.0–15.0)

9.0 (5.0–11.5)

5.0 (0.0–13.0)

Glomerular filtration rate (CKD-EPI), ml/min/1.73 m2

97.5 (83.0–111.0)

93.0 (87.0–102.0)

87.0 (81.0–104.0)

105.0 (96.0–114.0)

Insulin, μIU/ml

8.5 (6.9–17.2)

17.4 (10.3–23.6)

16.0 (11.2–27.8)*

17.4 (9.6–21.6)*

C-peptide, ng/ml

1.8 (1.1–2.6)

3.0 (2.5–4.1)*

3.0 (2.3–3.7)*

2.2 (1.9–3.2)*

Fasting glucose, mmol/l

5.4 (4.9–6.5)

4.9 (4.7–5.6)

7.8 (6.8–9.3) **

5.4 (5.1–5.7)#

HOMA

1.8 (1.0–6.9)

3.8 (2.6–5.0)

5.4 (3.7–9.4)

4.4 (2.2–5.4)

HbA1c, %

5.5 (4.9–5.7)

5.1 (4.9–5.5)*

8.3 (6.7–9.3) *, **

6.0 (4.9–7.5)*

Total cholesterol, mmol/l

5.7 (4.5–6.8)

6.8 (5.9–7.2)

5.4 (4.7–6.4)

5.4 (5.3–5.6)

Triacylglycerol, mmol/l

1.1 (0.8–2.3)

2.1 (1.2–2.6)

2.3 (1.8–3.0)*

1.5 (1.4–2.1)

LDL cholesterol, mmol/l

3.7 (2.6–4.6)

4.7 (4.5–4.9)

3.2 (2.6–4.1)

3.4 (3.1–3.8)

HDL cholesterol, mmol/l

1.4 (1.2–1.6)

1.1 (0.8–1.2)*

1.1 (0.9–1.3)*

1.3 (1.0–1.4)*

LDL/HDL

2.7 (1.7–3.4)

4.6 (3.4–5.9)*

3.1 (2.3–4.2)

2.9 (2.2–3.5)

  1. DM2 diabetes mellitus type 2, AH arterial hypertension, IGT impaired glucose tolerance, HOMA homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, LDL low density lipoproteins, HDL high density lipoproteins, Me median, Q 1 25th percentile, Q 3 75th percentile
  2. *p < 0.05 compared to healthy volunteers, **p < 0.05 compared to patients with AH, #p < 0.05 compared to patients with DM2; n/a – not applicable to the group
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