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Table 3 Biochemical markers

From: Biochemical response to cryothermal and radiofrequency exposure of the human myocardium at surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: a randomized controlled trial

Variables

Cryothermia (n = 20)

RF (n = 21)

p Value* Cryo vs. RF

No-maze (n = 19)

p Value* No-maze vs. Cryo

p Value*

No-maze vs. RF

p Value**

Tn-T (ng/L)

 Preoperative

12.5 [8.5–17]

12 [9–16]

 

15 [11–17]

  

0.53

 T0

8145 [5095–14,440]

2140 [1900–3290]

0.002

709 [517–786]

< 0.001

0.002

< 0.001

 T3

12,805 [6140–15,700]

2790 [1880–4180]

0.002

999 [683–1420]

< 0.001

0.002

< 0.001

 T20

3400 [2785–4900]

1980 [1640–2530]

0.01

798 [565–929]

< 0.001

0.001

< 0.001

 Postoperative day 3

2095 [1645–3275]

1200 [1030–1670]

0.005

576 [437–754]

< 0.001

0.01

< 0.001

CK-MB (μg/L)

 Preoperative

2 [1.5–2.5]

2 [1–3]

 

2 [2–3]

  

0.99

 T0

269 [243–352]

68 [62–81]

< 0.001

47 [34–59]

< 0.001

0.06

< 0.001

 T3

271 [217–357]

79 [66–93]

< 0.001

48 [32–71]

< 0.001

0.09

< 0.001

 T20

107 [69–132]

53 [42–57]

0.005

29 [18–43]

< 0.001

0.02

< 0.001

ASAT (μg/L)

 Preoperative

0.5 [0.4–0.5]

0.5 [0.4–0.5]

 

0.5 [0.4–0.6]

  

0.58

 T0

2.5 [1.8–3.9]

2.4 [1.8–3.4]

1.0

1.2 [0.9–1.5]

< 0.001

0.001

< 0.001

 T3

3.3 [2.5–5.9]

2.9 [2–4.1]

0.55

1.3 [1.1–1.7]

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

 T20

3.3 [2.5–3.8]

2.2 [2–2.6]

0.006

1.3 [1.0–1.6]

< 0.001

0.01

< 0.001

ALAT (μg/L)

 Preoperative

0.4 [0.3–0.5]

0.4 [0.4–0.5]

 

0.4 [0.3–0.5]

  

0.64

 T20

0.5 [0.4–0.7]

0.5 [0.4–0.6]

 

0.5 [0.3–0.6]

  

0.16

CRP (mg/L)

 Preoperative

0.9 [0.4–1.9]

1.7 [0.7–3.9]

0.40

2.8 [1.5–7.2]

0.01

0.38

0.01

 T20

77 [63–86]

75 [52–104]

 

77 [60–87]

  

0.89

IL-6 (NPX)

 ΔT0-Preoperative

300 [221–510]

185 [121–365]

 

193 [137–386]

  

0.23

 ΔT3-Preoperative

223 [159–333]

141 [106–279]

 

206 [112–317]

  

0.20

 ΔT20-Preoperative

150 [82–332]

120 [85–193]

 

222 [135–433]

  

0.09

IL-18 (NPX)

 ΔT0-Preoperative

−38 [−65 - -19]

−37 [−64–6]

 

−50 [−60 - -23]

  

0.87

 ΔT3-Preoperative

−5 [−34–9]

−38 [−45 - -3]

 

−10 [−29 - -3]

  

0.32

 ΔT20-Preoperative

−11 [−33 - -1]

−12 [− 34–7]

 

−28 [− 64–3]

  

0.47

STK4 (MST1) (NPX)

 ΔT0-Preoperative

−4.0 [−7.1 - -0.1]

−2.6 [− 12.0 - -1.0]

 

−5.0 [−8.6 - − 3.1]

  

0.5

 ΔT3-Preoperative

-3.1 [−5.9 - -0.7]

−6.9 [−10.2 - -2.9]

 

−5.3 [− 7.0 - -1.7]

  

0.06

 ΔT20-Preoperative

−6.6 [−8.5 - -2.4]

− 6.1 [−11.2 - -3.1]

 

− 8.1 [−10.5 - -3.8]

  

0.6

PAR-1 (NPX)

 ΔT0-Preoperative

−5.0 [−10.3–17.0]

2.2 [−15.6–16.2]

 

−7.3 [−18.6–5.6]

  

0.3

 ΔT3-Preoperative

7.8 [0.1–17.6]

−9.8 [−19.3–0.1]

0.002

−5.0 [−14.6–4.8]

0.08

0.9

0.003

 ΔT20-Preoperative

−8.1 [− 18.8–8.0]

−17.0 [−21.8–4.0]

 

− 15.7 [−26.8 - -9.4]

  

0.3

HSP27 (NPX)

 ΔT0-Preoperative

259 [98–310]

151 [−35–330]

0.6

106 [− 133–174]

0.03

0.6

0.04

 ΔT3-Preoperative

196 [129–278]

42 [− 181–156]

0.02

−26 [−115–98]

0.001

1.0

0.007

 ΔT20-Preoperative

−40 [− 204–81]

−87 [− 301–80]

 

− 138 [− 271 - -23]

  

0.3

TRAIL-R2 (NPX)

 ΔT0-Preoperative

6.6 [2.7–13.7]

8.7 [7.0–21]

 

4.2 [2.5–11.3]

  

0.2

 ΔT3-Preoperative

27 [21–38]

23 [17–31]

 

20 [17–37]

  

0.1

 ΔT20-Preoperative

25 [19–33]

25 [15–40]

 

25 [16–40]

  

0.9

NT-proBNP (ng/L)

 Preoperative

1250 [730–1945]

1380 [950–1910]

 

1620 [1220–3120]

  

0.65

 T20

5290 [3295–10,615]

5470 [3060–9250]

 

3730 [2750–5810]

  

0.48

 Postoperative day 3

6105 [4300–9185]

6000 [3990–11,200]

 

5430 [3660–14,000]

  

0.99

  1. Data are presented as the median [25th to 75th percentile] or count (%). *Post-hoc comparisons of mean ranks of pairs of groups. **Multiple comparisons of mean ranks for all groups, Kruskal-Wallis test. Cryo Cryoablation, RF Radio frequency, Tn-T Troponin T, T0 End of the operation, T3 3 h postoperatively, T20 20 h postoperatively, CK-MB Creatine kinase isoenzyme MB, ASAT Aspartate aminotransferase, ALAT Alanine aminotransferase, CRP C-reactive protein, IL-6 Interleukin-6, NPX Normalized Protein Expression, IL-18 Interleukin-18, STK4 Serine/threonine-protein Kinase 4, PAR-1 Proteas-activated receptor 1, HSP27 Heat shock protein 27, TRAIL R2 TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand receptor 2, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide