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Fig. 6 | Translational Medicine Communications

Fig. 6

From: C-C chemokine receptor type 5 links COVID-19, rheumatoid arthritis, and Hydroxychloroquine: in silico analysis

Fig. 6

A working hypothesis for tDMARDs and COVID-19 interactions. The possible role of (1) SARS-COV-2 infected lungs (2) chemokines in recruiting (3) CCR5 rich immune cells. Epithelial cells secrete three chemokines that recruit immune cells that stimulate Th17 and Th1 profile to kill the virus but recruit inflammatory to the area. Infected epithelium can stimulate (4) plasma cells to secrete antiviral Ab that can (5) stimulate local macrophages to have an inflammatory M1 profile. tDMARDs can be helpful in the COVID-19 scenario by blocking CCR5 expression on immune cells plus inhibiting plasma amd M1 macrophages while enhancing NK cells to kill the virus

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