Parameter | Group A: Treated with PB-NHESC-C plus standard care (n = 69) | Group B: Control (standard care only) (n = 70) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | |||
Age, years (mean ± SD) | 45.93 ± 9.75 | 44.38 ± 11.09 | 0.380 |
Gender, n (%) | |||
Total | 69 (48.94) | 70 (51.06) | |
Masculine | 65 (46.10) | 64 (46.81) | 0.7447 |
Feminine | 4 (2.88) | 6 (4.32) | |
Nationalities | |||
Afghanistan | 2 (2.90) | 1 (1.43) | 0.6195 |
Bangladesh | 11 (15.94) | 11 (15.71) | 1.0000 |
China PRP | 0 (0) | 1 (1.43) | 1.0000 |
Egypt | 3 (4.35) | 3 (4.29) | 1.0000 |
India | 22 (31.88) | 28 (40.00) | 0.2920 |
Indonesia | 1 (1.45) | 0 (0) | 0.4964 |
Jordan | 0 (0) | 1 (1.43) | 1.0000 |
Nepal | 5 (7.25) | 2 (2.86) | 0.2746 |
Pakistan | 10 (14.49) | 15 (21.43) | 0.3777 |
Palestine | 4 (5.80) | 0 (0) | 0.0581 |
Philippines | 4 (5.80) | 4 (5.71) | 1.0000 |
Somalia | 1 (1.45) | 0 (0) | 0.4964 |
Sudan | 3 (4.35) | 0 (0) | 0.1196 |
Syria | 1 (1.45) | 2 (2.86) | 1.0000 |
UAE | 1 (1.45) | 1 (1.43) | 1.0000 |
USA | 0 (0) | 1 (1.43) | 1.0000 |
Unknown | 1 (1.45) | 0 (0) | 0.4964 |
Health status at recruitment | |||
Body mass index categories, n (%) | |||
Unknown | 3 (4.35) | 2 (2.86) | 0.6806 |
Normal (healthy weight) | 17 (24.64) | 29 (41.43) | 0.0472a |
Overweight | 35 (50.74) | 19 (27.14) | 0.0054b |
Obese Class I (moderately obese) | 11 (15.94) | 13 (18.57) | 0.8230 |
Obese Class II (severely obese) | 0 (0) | 3 (4.29) | 0.2446 |
Obese Class III (very severely obese) | 3 (4.35) | 4 (5.71) | 1.0000 |
Moderate COVID- 19, n (%) | |||
Score 3 | 37 (53.62) | 40 (57.14) | 0.7342 |
Score 4 | 12 (17.39) | 6 (8.57) | 0.1372 |
Subtotal | 49 (71.01) | 46 (65.71) | 0.5852 |
Severe COVID-19, n (%) | |||
Score 5 | 3 (4.34) | 7 (10.00) | 0.3255 |
Score 6 | 2 (2.89) | 1 (1.42) | 0.6195 |
Score 7 | 15 (21.74) | 16 (22.86) | 1.0000 |
Subtotal | 20 (28.98) | 24 (34.28) | 0.5852 |
Main comorbidities, n (%) | |||
Arterial hypertension | 18 (26.09) | 19 (27.14) | 1.0000 |
Diabetes mellitus | 18 (26.09) | 13 (18.57) | 0.3142 |
Cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia | 7 (6.25) | 6 (8.57) | 0.7792 |
Chronic smoking and asthma | 11 (15.94) | 4 (5.71) | 0.0603 |