Table 2 Cellular and humoral components of the peripheral blood non-hematopoietic enriched stem cell cocktail
Nebulized stem cell dose concerning severity in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) | ||||
Cellular elements, median (range) | Severe cases (n = 19) | Moderate cases (n = 50) | Total (n = 69) | p-value |
Total stem cell dose (× 106 cells) | 1.8 (0.2–12) | 2.5 (0.4–23) | 2.2 (0.4–23) | 0.34 |
Cellular CD markers (× 105 cells)b | ||||
CD45− | 6.4 (0.1–49.5) | 3.5 (0.1–7.1) | 4.6 (0.1–7.1) | 0.6081 |
CD45dim | 0 (0–10.5) | 5.2 (0.1–45.7) | 3.7 (0–45.7) | < 0.0001d |
CD133+ | 5.2 (1.1–31.2) | 7.1 (0.2–69) | 6.8 (0.2–69) | 0.3056 |
CD34+ | 4.2 (0.2–37.1) | 7.7 (0.1–52.7) | 6.1 (0.1–52.7) | 0.0920 |
CD90+ | 3.9 (0–13) | 0.6 (0–12) | 0.1 (0–13) | 0.0485c |
The proportion of patients and semiquantitative values of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies related to severity (S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein) | ||||
Humoral factor | Severe cases | Moderate cases | Total evaluated | p-value |
‘Patients’ anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies, n (%) | ||||
Total class antibodies | 13 (100) | 47 (94.0) | 60 (95.2) | 0.36 |
IgG class | 11 (84.3) | 24 (48.0) | 35 (55.5) | 0.018c |
Optical density (OD) median valueb | (n = 13) | (n = 50) | (n = 63) | |
Total class antibodies | 102.0 | 16.45 | 28.4 | 0.007d |
IgG class | 6.920 | 1.60 | 1.27 | 0.005d |
The concentration of platelet-derived growth factors in 20 selected COVID-19 patient samples of peripheral blood non-hematopoietic enriched stem cells cocktail (PB-NHESC-C) | ||||
Platelet growth factor name (abbreviation) | Total evaluated (n = 20), pg/mL [median (range)] | |||
Stem Cell Factor (SCF) | 4.26 (4.26–21.51) | |||
Platelet Derived Growth Factor-AA (PDGF-AA) | 382.3 (148.8–2542) | |||
Granulocyte-Colony Stimulation Factor (G-CSF) | 18.28 (18.28–97.25) | |||
Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) | 25.91 (19.53–2885) | |||
Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) | 44.02 (4.40–125.2) | |||
Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulation Factor (GM-CSF) | 8.99 (8.99–17.97) | |||
T-Cell Growth Factor alpha (TGF-ɑ) | 1.61 (9.53–188.68) | |||
Platelet Derived Growth Factor-BB (PDGF-BB) | 51.09 (16.04–187.2) | |||
Macrophage-Colony Stimulation Factor (M-CSF) | 152 (73.69–268.8) | |||
Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) | 35.51 (2.56–327.4) | |||
Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF-basic) | 1.6 (1.66–39.29) | |||
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) | 1.7 (8.72–91.96) | |||
Erythropoietin (EPO) | 7.63 (14.46–65.55) | |||